Development of hydroponic business in coastal areas: Integration of technology with organic fertilizers for food independence

Abstract

Background: As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has an extensive coastline; however, coastal areas often face challenges in vegetable availability. The limited understanding of plant cultivation among coastal communities and unfavorable environmental conditions may contribute to this issue. Hydroponic technology offers a potential solution, as it enables plant growth without soil, making fertilizer and water use more efficient. Methods: This study employs a literature review and a mini-experiment utilizing a circulating hydroponic Ebb and Flow system with sand as a substrate and rainwater as the primary water source. The system integrates liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and manure to support sustainable agriculture. This development model is implemented through a penta-helix collaboration involving the community, academics, businesses, the government, and the media. Findings: The Ebb and Flow hydroponic system has proven effective in cultivating vegetables, enhancing both the quantity and quality of vegetable production in coastal areas. However, the success of this initiative relies on penta-helix collaboration. The government plays a role in providing funding and regulatory support, academics contribute by offering training and education, business actors manage product distribution, and media—particularly online marketplaces and social media—facilitate marketing efforts. Conclusion: The Ebb and Flow hydroponic system presents a viable solution for addressing vegetable scarcity in coastal areas while also generating employment opportunities. However, further research and collaborative support from multiple stakeholders are essential to optimize its outcomes. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article proposes a hydroponic system incorporating a penta-helix approach to develop sustainable vegetable farming in coastal regions, offering a new perspective on the application of technology in areas with limited arable land.