A bibliometric study of the application of carbon quantum dots in the fluorescence sensing for water pollution

Abstract

Background: Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising nanomaterials due to their unique optical properties, low toxicity, chemical stability, and eco-friendly characteristics. Their fluorescence capabilities make them particularly attractive for sensing applications, including the detection of antibiotics and heavy metals. The rapid expansion of research in this area indicates increasing scientific and technological interest in CQD-based sensing systems. Methods: This study employs a bibliometric analysis based on title searches in the Scopus database covering publications from 2014 to 2024. A total of 3,427 documents were identified and analyzed to evaluate publication trends, research growth, and thematic development. The analysis maps research hotspots, innovation patterns, and emerging applications of fluorescent CQDs in antibiotic and heavy metal detection. Findings: The results demonstrate a significant increase in CQD-related publications over the past decade, reflecting accelerated global research activity. Thematic mapping indicates growing emphasis on fluorescence-based sensing, environmental monitoring, and biomedical detection. Research hotspots reveal expanding applications of CQDs in detecting antibiotic residues and toxic heavy metals, highlighting their versatility and analytical sensitivity. Conclusion: The rapid growth of CQD research underscores their strong potential as efficient and environmentally friendly sensing materials. Bibliometric mapping provides valuable insights into research directions and emerging innovations, supporting the advancement of CQD applications in environmental and biomedical detection fields. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric mapping of a decade of CQD research, specifically focusing on their application in antibiotic and heavy metal detection. By systematically identifying publication trends and research hotspots, it provides a structured overview of the field’s evolution and establishes a strategic foundation for guiding future innovation and interdisciplinary research in CQD-based sensing technologies.