Resilience of caregivers for pediatric cancer patients: Integrating psychosocial and environmental stressors in the context of occupational and environmental health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/ajteoh.v2i2.2025.1260Keywords:
cancer children, parents, caregivers, resilienceAbstract
Background: This study discusses the resilience of parents who care for children with cancer. Without realizing it, parents as caregivers have a crucial role to accompany their children during the treatment process. Furthermore, against the background of psychological and social challenges, parents also endure a decrease in quality of life and disruption of family functioning. Methods: In contrast to previous studies, this study used a literature review method to integrate concepts regarding resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions. In contrast to previous studies, this study used a literature review method to integrate concepts regarding resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study reviewed seven previous studies using the case study review method. Findings: There are different types of pediatric cancers and their treatment which leads to differences in resilience factors and processes among parents. These differences in resilience factors and processes resulted in different resilience functions achieved by the parents. Conclusion: Resilience factors are components that contribute to parents' resilience, while resilience functions are outcomes or benefits obtained after parents apply a series of resilience processes. Novelty/Originality of this article: In contrast to previous studies that emphasize individual psychological factors, this study offers a comprehensive perspective by integrating resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions in the context of parents facing childhood cancer.
References
Adi, I.R. (2019). The Influence of Inflation on the Open Unemployment Rate in Medan City. Rajawali Pers.
Breda, A.D.V. (2018). A critical review of resilience theory and its relevance for social work. Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 45(1), 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15270/54-1-611.
Chung, J.O.K., Li, W.H.C., Ho, L.L.K., & Cheung, A.T. (2023). The association of resilience with way of coping, psychological well-being and quality of life in parents of children with cancer. International Jounal Environmental Research and Public Health, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20105765.
Dewi, N.A. (2023). The influence of self-concept, social support, and parenting stress on the resilience of parents with children suffering from cancer at Pita Kuning Children Foundation Indonesia [Undergraduate thesis]. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah). https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id.
Diehl, M., Hay, E.L., & Chui, H. (2012). Personal risk and resilience factors in the context of daily stress. Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 32(1), 251-274. https://doi.org/10.1891/0198-8794.32.251.
Everall, R.D., Altrows, K.J., & Paulson, B.L. (2006). Creating a future: A study of resilience in suicidal female adolescents. Journal of Counseling & Development, 84, 462-464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2006.tb00430.x
Global Burden of Cancer Study (Globocan). (2020). Cancer Indonesia country profile. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/cancer-idn-2020.
Harms, L. (2010). Understanding human development: A multidimensional approach (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Hasanah, P.N., Haryanti, F., & Lusmilasari, L. (2021). The relationship between parenting stress and resilience in parents of children with cancer. Maternal & Child Care journal, 6(1), 23-28. https://doi.org/10.33867/jaia.v6i1.226
Hockenberry, M., Wilson, D., & Rodgers, C.C. (2017). Wong’s essentials of pediatric nursing (10th ed.). Elsevier Inc.
Kementerian Kesehatan. (2023). Buku panduan penemuan dini kanker pada anak. Jakarta. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/dokumen-ptm/buku-panduan-penemuan-dinikanker-anak-2023.
Kementerian Kesehatan. (2018). Kenali gejala dini kanker pada anak. Jakarta. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/kenali-gejala-dini-kankerpada-anak.
Knopf, J. W. (2006). Doing a literature review. PS, Political Science & Politics, 39(1), 127-132. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096506060264
Luo, Y., Li, H.C.W., Xia W., Cheung A.T., Ho L.L.K., & Chung J.O.K. (2022). The lived experience of resilience in parents of children with cancer: A phenomenological study. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.871435.
Luo, Y., Li, H.C.W., Xia, W., Cheung, A.T., Ho, L.L.K., Zhang, J.P., & Chung J.O.K. (2021). Relationships between resilience and quality of life in parents of children with cancer. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(5), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105321990806.
Luo, Y., Wang, A., Zeng, Y., & Zhang, J. (2022). A latent class analysis of resilience and its relationship with depressive symptoms in the parents of children with cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer, 30, 4379-4387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-068607.
Mohammadsalehi, N., Asgarian, A., Ghasemi, M., & Mohammadbeigi, A. (2020). Cancer resilience in parents of children with cancer; The role of general health and self-efficacy on resiliency. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 18(4), 1119-1122. https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.JCRT_464_19
National Cancer Institute. (March 25, 2023). Informal caregivers in cancer–patient version. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cancer.gov/aboutcancer/coping/family-friends/family-caregivers-pdq.
Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2014). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (7th ed.). Pearson.
Nielsen, C. L., Clemensen, J., Callesen, M.T., Jensen, C.S., Smith, A.C., & Holm, K.G. (2024). Who is supporting the parents during their child’s cancer treatment? A qualitative study through the lens of compassion. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 70, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102534.
Park, M., Choi, E.K., Lyu, C.J., Han, J.W., & Hahn, S.M. (2022). Family resilience factors affecting family adaptation of children with cancer: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 56, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102078.
Rokhaidah & Herlina. (2018). Phenomenological study of parents' experiences in caring for children with a cancer diagnosis. Journal of Medicine and Health, 14(2), 32-34. https://doi.org/10.24853/jkk.14.2.31-38
Rubin, A., & Babbie, E. (2016). Essential research methods for social work (4th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Simanjuntak, S.R., Gannika, L., & Usman, S. (2023). Predictors of resilience among the parents of children with cancer. Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 5(2), 72- 77. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v5i2.13883
Suparit, S., Sakunpong, N., & Junprasert, T. (2023). Family resilience processes among guardians caring for children and youths with leukemia. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 9, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17205.
Umar, N.F.A., Sumi, S.S., & Uchira. (2022). The relationship between social support and resilience in parents who have children diagnosed with leukemia. Scientific Journal of Nursing Students & Research, 1(6), 741-748. https://doi.org/10.35892/jimpk.v1i6.691
University of Southern California. (2024). Writing a case study. https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/assignments/casestudy.
Walsh, F. (2016). Strengthening family resilience (3rd ed.). The Guilford Press.
Ye, Z.J., Guan, H.J., Wu, L.H., Xiao, M.Y., Luo, D.M., & Quan, X.M. (2015). Resilience and psychosocial function among mainland chinese parents of children with cancer: A cross sectional survey. Cancer Nursing, 38(6), 466-474. https://doi.org/10.1097/ncc.0000000000000220
Zastrow, C. (2010). Introduction to social work and social welfare: Empowering people (10th ed.). Brooks/Cole.
