Impact Analysis of Forest and Peatland Landscape Change: Socio-Economic and Environmental Implications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/jbkl.v2i2.2024.983Keywords:
community-based tourism development, Curug Dhuwur Waterfall, SWOT analysis, community involvement, tourism sustainabilityAbstract
Background: Forest fires represent natural disasters that often stem from environmental conditions, including events like El Niño or extreme climatic situations. Rainfall, a crucial factor, plays a role in influencing extreme climate occurrences. Areas with high potential for forest fires encompass conservation zones closely linked to human activities. An illustrative example is the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS), which serves both as a conservation and tourist area. The presence of human tourists or visitors in these conservation zones creates conditions conducive to forest fires, particularly when supported by extreme climatic conditions. Method: This study used field observation methods, satellite data analysis, and interviews with authorities and environmental experts. The data collected included the area affected, the plant types, and the environmental conditions after the fire. Findings: TNBTS experiences a specific rainfall pattern, with the lowest precipitation observed in May-Jun-Jul-Aug-Sept and the highest in Nov-Dec-Jan-Feb-Mar. During periods of low rainfall, TNBTS becomes susceptible to fires, necessitating preventative measures in the month leading up to the dry season. Initiating preventative actions at the onset of the dry season, notably in May, is crucial for controlling forest fires. Analyzing hotspot data of fire incidents from 2001 to 2020 reveals peak occurrences among other nationalities in 2001, 2014, and 2019. Identification based on data indicates that not all hotspots signify fire incidents; some result from heat emanating from Mount Semeru's crater at the TNBTS location. Conclusion: This article concludes the importance of cooperation between authorities, environmental organizations, and communities in forest fire prevention and recovery efforts in Bromo National Park. Novelty/Originality in this article: This study also offers a new perspective in the interpretation of hotspot data by distinguishing between forest fires and volcanic activity and identifying May as a critical period for initiating preventive action analysis based on long-term rainfall patterns.
References
Aldrian, E., & Susanto, R. D. (2003). Identification of three dominant rainfall regions within Indonesia and their relationship to sea surface temperature. International Journal of Climatology, 23(11), 1435–1452. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.950
Anggraini, N., & Trisakti, B. (2011). Kajian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap kebakaran hutan dan deforestasi di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat [Study of the impact of climate change on forest fires and deforestation in West Kalimantan Province]. Jurnal Penginderaan Jauh dan Pengolahan Data Citra Digital/Journal of Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing, 8, 11–20. LAPAN.
Balasubramanian M. (2019). Economic value of regulating ecosystem services: a comprehensive at the global level review. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 191(10), 616. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7758-8
[BBTNBTS] Balai Besar Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. (2019). Melihat prespektif pemangku kepentingan atas upaya pengarustamaan hak asasi manusia dalam industri pariwisata di Indonesia: Studi kasus kawasan pariwisata Bromo Tengger Semeru, Malang (ID). Balai Besar Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru.
Bhatt, B. P., & Sachan, M. S. (2004). Firewood consumption along an altitudinal gradient in mountain villages of India. Biomass and Bioenergy, 27(1), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.10.004
Bhattarai, K. K., Pant, L. P., & FitzGibbon, J. (2020). Contested governance of drinking water provisioning services in Nepal’s transboundary river basins. Ecosystem Services, 45, 101184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101184
Bruno, G., Bernard, P., Batista, A., Cottle, P., & Albergel, A. (2019). Improving the uncertainty assessment of economic losses from large destructive wildfires. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 28, 420–430. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF18104
Cahyono, S. A., Warsito, S. P., Andayani, W., & Darwanto, D. H. (2015). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebakaran hutan di Indonesia dan implikasi kebijakannya [Factors affecting forest fire in Indonesia and policy implication]. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 3(1), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl13103-112
Fadli, S., Nazaruddin, T. N. T., & Mukhlis, M. (2019). Tanggungjawab negara terhadap kebakaran hutan di Indonesia ditinjau dari perspektif hukum internasional [State responsibility for forest fires in Indonesia from the perspective of international law]. Suloh: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh, 7(2), 48–76. https://doi.org/10.29103/sjp.v7i2.2034
He, S., Gallagher, L., Su, Y., Wang, L., & Cheng, H. (2018). Identification and assessment of ecosystem services for protected area planning: A case in rural communities of Wuyishan National Park pilot. Ecosystem Services, 31(Part A), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2018.04.001
Hekmatyar, V., & Adinugraha, A. G. (2021). Ancaman keberfungsian sosial pada masyarakat di dalam kawasan konservasi: Studi kasus desa Ranupani di Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru [Social functionality threats to communities within conservation areas: A case study of Ranupani village in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park]. Bhumi: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan, 7(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.31292/bhumi.v7i1.464
Masthurri, M., Muslih, A., & anhar, A. (2023). Evaluasi Dukungan Masyarakat Terhadap Keberhasilan Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan di Desa Ie Mirah Kecamatan Babahrot Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 8(2), 606-619. doi:https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v8i2.24480
Pasaribu, S., & Friyatno, S. (2012). Memahami penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan serta upaya penanggulangannya: Kasus di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat [Understanding the causes of forest and land fires and efforts for their prevention: A case study in West Kalimantan Province]. SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian. Retrieved from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/soca/article/view/4170
Suprihatin, A. J., Ekayani, M., & Tampubolon, B. I. (2016). Potensi penyebab dan nilai kerugian ekonomi kebakaran hutan di Resort Ranu Pani, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru [Master’s thesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor]. IPB Repository. http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/85735
Tamin, R. P., Ulfa, M., & Saleh, Z. (2021). Identifikasi potensi permudaan alam di hutan rawa gambut Taman Hutan Raya Orang Kayo Hitam Provinsi Jambi pasca kebakaran hutan [Identification of natural regeneration potential in the peat swamp forest of Taman Hutan Raya Orang Kayo Hitam, Jambi Province, post-forest fire]. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 14(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i1.15136
Wahono, P., Karyadi, H., Suhartono, S., Prakoso, A., Prananta, R., & Lokaprasida, P. (2017). Prospek ekonomi pengembangan potensi lokal dalam mendukung pengelolaan wisata di wilayah sekitar Gunung Bromo [Economic prospects of local potential development in supporting tourism management in the area surrounding Mount Bromo]. Cakrawala, 11(2), 195–216. https://doi.org/10.32781/cakrawala.v11i2.19
Wasist, B., Saharjo, B. H., & Waldi, R. D. (2019). Dampak kebakaran hutan terhadap flora dan sifat tanah mineral di kawasan hutan Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau [Impact of forest fires on flora and mineral soil properties in the forest area of Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province]. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 10(1), 40–44. https://doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.10.1.40-44
Wibowo, K. (2019). Manajemen Penanganan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan (Karhutla) Guna Peningkatan Ekonomi Kerakyatan. Jurnal Studi Sosial Dan Politik, 3(1), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v3i1.4072
Yusuf, A., Hapsoh, H., Siregar, S. H., & Nurrochmat, D. R. (2019). Analisis kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Provinsi Riau [Analysis of forest and land fires in Riau Province]. Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia, 6(2), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.31258/dli.6.2.p.67-84
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Bisnis Kehutanan dan Lingkungan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
