Remote sensing and AIS integration for strategic maritime surveillance: A geoint-based approach to securing Indonesia's Archipelagic Sea Lanes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/rstde.v2i2.2025.2075Keywords:
Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI), geospatial-driven, global maritime fulcrum, maritime border securityAbstract
Background: Indonesia’s strategic position within the Indo-Pacific maritime domain underscores its critical role in global trade and regional security. The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI), while legally designated under UNCLOS, remain vulnerable to complex transnational maritime threats—including illegal fishing, smuggling, and terrorism. Surveillance challenges stem from infrastructure limitations and fragmented inter-agency coordination. This necessitates a geospatial intelligence based framework integrating advanced technologies to enhance Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA). Methods: This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach supported by systematic literature review. Academic sources include Scopus-indexed journals (Q1–Q2), national policy documents, and international reports focusing on GEOINT, remote sensing, and maritime threat detection. The analysis is grounded in GEOINT and MDA theories, synthesizing AIS data, satellite imagery (SAR/optical), and naval response capabilities into a conceptual surveillance model for ALKI zones. Findings: Integrating AIS, satellite remote sensing, and rapid naval response significantly enhances detection of dark vessels, spoofing tactics, and unauthorized maritime activities. The effectiveness of the system depends on cross-agency data interoperability, robust satellite infrastructure, and spatially-adaptive response strategies. This framework contributes to predictive operational readiness and informs policy reforms for Indonesia’s maritime security architecture. Conclusion: This study emphasizing developing a high-tech ALKI surveillance system grounded in integrated data and rapid response represents far more than a sectoral policy not only for mitigating current threats but also for preparing the nation to confront the more complex, multi-dimensional maritime challenges of the future. Novelty/Originality of this article: Integrating the Automatic Identification System (AIS), remote sensing technologies, and naval rapid response mechanisms to enhance surveillance across Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI). This study highlights the strategic use of geospatial technologies in addressing surveillance blind spots and mitigating potential sovereignty violations along the nation's critical maritime corridors.
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