Tata kelola industri kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dalam mendukung ketahanan energi nasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/jassu.v1i1.2023.136Keywords:
biodiesel, bioenergy, energy transition, palm oil industryAbstract
Indonesia menjadi negara produsen kelapa sawit terbesar dunia. Hal ini adalah peluang bagi pemerintah Indonesia dalam pengembangan biodiesel sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Pada industri sawit, penilaian industri sawit berkelanjutan dilakukan dengan menggunakan skema Rountable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) untuk standar berkelanjutan yang diakui internasional dan Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) untuk standar yang diakui secara nasional. Skema sertifikasi berkelanjutan diharapkan dapat menjadikan industri sawit menjadi industri pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Namun, isu deforestasi dan legalitas tanah perkebunan menjadi persoalan utama dalam industri sawit berkelanjutan. Hal ini menjadi tantangan bagi pengembangan biodiesel di Indonesia agar mendapatkan pengakuan pasar sawit internasional terutama Uni Eropa yang ketat terhadap isu keberlanjutan industri kelapa sawit. Permasalahan utama dalam industri sawit berkelanjutan adalah tata kelola industri kelapa sawit yang masih belum efektif. Dalam pembahasan ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan kesenjangan kebijakan pada industri sawit dengan aktual pelaksanaannya melalui tinjauan literatur penelitian sebelumnya. Peneliti membagi menjadi dua permasalahan utama kesenjangan kebijakan yakni pada industri hulu dan industri hilir, khususnya pengembangan biodiesel sebagai energi baru dan terbarukan. Rekomendasi kebijakan dalam mendukung hal tersebut diantaranya adalah penguatan skema sertifikasi berkelanjutan ISPO di Indonesia, penyelesaian legalitas tanah perkebunan, pencegahan deforestasi, fragmentasi kelembagaan dan kebijakan di Industri hilir, peningkatan teknologi dan infrastruktur sebagai upaya meningkatkan daya saing industri sawit Indonesia di pasar dunia Internasional, serta industri sawit dapat menjadi solusi dalam mendukung ketahanan energi baik secara nasional maupun secara global.
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