Smart estrus detection (SED): Transformation of internet of things-based technology as an effort to increase the success of sustainable dairy farming businesses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/dynames.v1i2.2360Keywords:
dairy cows, detection, estrus, reproductive efficiencyAbstract
Background: The dairy industry plays a significant role in meeting the need for animal protein in Indonesia, one of which is milk. The demand for milk in Indonesia continues to increase along with the population growth that continues to increase every year. The population of dairy cattle in Indonesia in 2022 reached 507,075, with a fresh milk production rate of 824.3 thousand tons. This figure is still far from the national milk requirement of 4.3 million tons per year. Methods: The data collection method used is field observation and literature study by reviewing several previous studies and related articles. Findings: The problem in achieving the national milk requirement target is that dairy cattle farming in Indonesia is dominated by small and medium-scale livestock farmers. The lack of knowledge of livestock farmers in identifying estrus in livestock is still a significant problem. This has an impact on the success rate of Artificial Insemination (AI) which is influenced by the timeliness of implementation in carrying out insemination on cows in estrus. The success rate of AI in livestock has implications for the economic status of livestock farmers because it involves the cost of semen (seeds) and the operational costs of inseminator officers. Along with the advancement of technology in the Society 5.0 era, Smart Estrus Detection (SED) is here as a solution in detecting estrus in real time using an infrared thermography camera. The working system of this tool utilizes the ESP32 microcontroller to process data received by the sensor and send it to a database which will later be sent via a network so that it can be monitored directly via an application on a smartphone. Conclusion: The results of this study are that the implementation of SED technology can increase reproductive efficiency in the dairy cattle industry. SED can detect changes in temperature in the vulva of livestock (35.5oC to 36.8oC) and temperature in the nose (33.5oC to 34.5oC) obtained 24 hours before ovulation which indicates that the livestock is in estrus. Novelty/Originality of this article: SED is expected to be a breakthrough in answering the problem of relatively inaccurate estrus detection in livestock, so that it can later increase the success of sustainable dairy cattle farming.
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