Comparative analysis of seasonal air quality around an industrial area: A case study using air dispersion modelling and pollution index assessment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/aes.v4i1.2026.3811Abstract
Background: Manufacturing activities in industrial areas use thermal energy, electricity, and material processing that may generate combustion gases and particulate emissions to the surrounding environment. An integrated interpretation is needed because source-oriented dispersion modeling explains potential spatial exposure, while the Indonesian Air Pollutant Standard Index (ISPU) translates ambient concentrations into air quality categories relevant for regulatory control and environmental management. Methods: An original case study was developed for an industrial manufacturing facility in Banten, Indonesia. Secondary production data, ambient air monitoring data, and meteorological scenarios were combined with 24-hour American Meteorological Society and Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) dispersion outputs for rainy and dry seasons. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, fine particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide were assessed, and ambient concentrations were converted into the Air Pollutant Standard Index according to Indonesian regulation. Findings: The dry season produced higher modeled concentrations for all pollutants. Carbon monoxide increased from 42.745 to 51.226 µg/m³, nitrogen oxides from 467.8 to 561 µg/m³, fine particulate matter from 274 to 329 µg/m³, and sulfur dioxide from 483.9 to 580 µg/m³. Integrated analysis of AERMOD and ISPU showed that, although carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide remained in the good category, fine particulate matter reached an ISPU value of 68.68 (moderate), identifying it as the priority pollutant because seasonal dispersion patterns were consistent with regulatory air quality classification. Conclusion: The integration of dispersion modelling and ISPU calculation identifies fine particulate matter as the main ambient air priority despite acceptable monitored concentrations. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study integrates seasonal AERMOD dispersion modelling with ISPU assessment to identify priority pollutants by combining spatial dispersion patterns with regulatory air quality classification.
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