Swami vivekananda’s perspective on radicalism and extremism: Tolerance, pluralism, and education as strategic solutions

Abstract

Background: Radicalism and extremism have become phenomena that threaten social peace and political stability across various regions of the world. The teachings of Swami Vivekananda—a prominent Indian spiritual leader and philosopher—offer an alternative perspective for addressing these issues. In an increasingly polarized global context, Vivekananda’s thoughts on religious tolerance, pluralism, and the transformative power of education present a meaningful framework for confronting the roots of radicalization and violence. This study aims to explore Vivekananda’s views on radicalization by emphasizing the principle of ahimsa (nonviolence), appreciation of religious diversity, and education as a preventive tool against extremism.  Methods: Employing a qualitative approach, this research conducts a textual analysis of Vivekananda’s works, especially his renowned speeches, to identify core principles relevant to the problem of radicalization.  Findings: The findings reveal that Vivekananda strongly opposed all forms of radicalism and extremism, advocating instead for a deep respect for diversity, peaceful coexistence, and holistic education as a means of cultivating moral character. Conclusion: In conclusion, Vivekananda’s teachings have significant implications for both religious theory and social practice, offering a compassionate, interfaith-based approach to reducing the risk of radicalization in modern society. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study uniquely highlights Swami Vivekananda’s teachings as a humanistic and interfaith-based philosophical framework to counter radicalization through nonviolence, pluralism, and transformative education.