Baseline terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity for a peri-urban residential development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/evojes.v3i2.2026.3932Keywords:
urban biodiversity, vegetation inventory, Shannon diversity, plankton bioindicator, biomass loss, green open space, environmental impact assessmentAbstract
Background: Peri-urban residential development can replace agricultural and ruderal habitats, simplify ecological structure, and alter adjacent freshwater communities. Baseline studies are often presented descriptively without checking taxonomic or arithmetic consistency. This study evaluated terrestrial and aquatic biological conditions at the proposed Sunville Residence site and the connected Tamangapa Canal in Gowa Regency, Indonesia. Methods: The 2025 baseline dataset included count-based inventories of herb and shrub vegetation, direct observations and community information for terrestrial fauna and nekton, and phytoplankton observations at two canal stations. Shannon diversity, Pielou evenness, and Simpson concentration were independently recalculated from the tabulated abundances. A planning-level biomass estimate used the reported 29.67 ha conversion area, a crop-biomass assumption of 12 t/ha, and an urban-tree biomass equivalence of 35 t/ha. Findings: The source listed 50 herb records and 51 shrub records. Herb counts summed to 1,938, rather than the reported 1,926, and produced H′=3.103; the reported H′=3.116 was reproduced only when the lower denominator was used. Shrub counts summed consistently to 6,473, but recalculation produced H′=3.452, compared with the reported 3.1162. The faunal survey recorded two mammals, three birds, one amphibian, two reptiles, one annelid group, six arthropod groups, and three fish taxa, with several identifications requiring taxonomic verification. Phytoplankton diversity was moderate at the upstream station (H′=1.364) and downstream station (H′=1.197); both communities were uneven and dominated numerically by Navicula and Oscillatoria records. According to the source classification table, these values indicate moderate rather than light pollution. The biomass assumptions yielded 356.04 t of existing biomass and an equivalent tree-based green-space area of 10.17 ha. Conclusion: The site retains diverse but disturbance-associated vegetation, limited observed vertebrate richness, and a canal plankton community that warrants physicochemical and seasonal verification. Development approval should be linked to riparian avoidance, taxonomic confirmation, functionally diverse green infrastructure, invasive-species control, and repeated post-construction monitoring. Novelty/Originality of this article: The study combines terrestrial and aquatic baseline evidence with an explicit audit of biodiversity indices, totals, pollution interpretation, and biomass calculations, then converts the corrected evidence into measurable biodiversity-management actions for a peri-urban housing project.
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