Disaster from water pollution in Indonesia: Unsustainable human interaction with the environment and its social impacts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61511/andmej.v2i2.2025.1478Keywords:
utilization, natural resources, pollution, water management, water resourcesAbstract
Background: Water is a vital global resource, available in forms such as surface water and groundwater. Human activities, particularly increased population, have led to unsustainable water use, causing pollution in rivers, lakes, and oceans. In Indonesia, water resources, including in Muara Teluk Jakarta, are polluted by organic, inorganic, chemical, and plastic pollutants, especially microplastics and debris. Method: This study uses a qualitative approach with secondary data from journals and water quality reports by DKI Jakarta Environmental Agency. The research involves classifying topics, analyzing human-environment interactions, and reviewing water quality data to assess pollution levels using the water quality index (WQI). The findings aim to inform effective water treatment strategies and policies for addressing water pollution in Indonesia. Findings: The study and data analysis of sea water quality of Muara Teluk Jakarta index trends from 2017-2023 show that conditions fluctuated in the 2017-2023 range but heavily polluted condition. These water pollution problems need appropriate and proper management to reduce pollutes and increase water quality from biological, chemical, or physical properties. Well water management with customized condition will be very effective as one of solution for clean water supply and solution for sustainable water management in Indonesia. Conclusion: Effective water management strategies tailored to specific local conditions are essential to mitigate pollution and improve water quality in Indonesia. Sustainable water management is crucial for ensuring clean water supplies. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study highlights the persistent water pollution in Muara Teluk Jakarta, particularly from plastic and chemical contaminants, and the need for technological solutions to address water quality issues. It offers a practical approach to sustainable water management by exploring innovative methods to reduce pollution and improve water quality in Indonesia.
References
Ahmad, B., Umar, S. H., & Taufiq, M. (2023). Analysis of Clean Water Filtration System in Residents' Well Water in Fitu Village, South Ternate City. Journal of Science and Engineering, 6(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.33387/josae.v6i1.6100
Al Afghani, R., & Sari, P. A. (2022). The Level of Total Hardness of Clean Water in Cikedokan Village (Implementation of PT. Medialab Indonesia and Pelita Bangsa University). Prosiding Sains dan Teknologi, 1(1), 822-827.
Babuji, P., Thirumalaisamy, S., Duraisamy, K., & Periyasamy, G. (2023). Human health risks due to exposure to water pollution: a review. Water-Sui. 15(14), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15142532.
BMKG. (2021). Rainy season 2021/2022 forecast in Indonesia. Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics.
Bolan, S., Padhye, L. P., Jasemizad, T., Govarthanan, M., Karmegam, N., Wijesekara, H., & Bolan, N. (2024). Impacts of climate change on the fate of contaminants through extreme weather events. Science of The Total Environment, 909, 168388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168388
BPS. (2020). Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik.
BPS. (2015). Jakarta in Figures 2015. Badan Pusat Statistik.
Cordova, M. R., Nurhati, I. S., Shiomoto, A., Hatanaka, K., Saville, R., & Riani, E. (2022). Spatiotemporal macro debris and microplastic variations linked to domestic waste and textile industry in the supercritical Citarum River, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 175, 113338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113338
Dewi, N., Kania, Y. K., Kwansue, J., & Hyunuk, A. (2015). The application of Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) model for inundation case in upper Citarum Watershed, West Java-Indonesia. Amsterdam: Procedia Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROENG.2015.11.024
Duveiller, G., Hooker, J., & Cescatti, A. (2018). A dataset mapping the potential biophysical effects of vegetation cover change. Scientific data, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.14
Fatima, S., Muzammal, M., Rehman, A., Rustam, S. A., Shehzadi, Z., Mehmood, A., & Waqar, M. (2020). Water pollution on heavy metals and its effects on fishes. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 8(3), 6-14. https://dx.doi.org/10.22271/fish
Gemala, M., & Ulfah, N. (2020). Efektifitas Metode Kombinasi Pasir Zeolit dan Arang Aktif dalam Pengolahan Air Lindi di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA). Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan, 4(2), 162-167. https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.167
Guo, L., & Lin, H. (2016). Critical zone research and observatories: Current status and future perspectives. Vadose Zone Journal, 15(9), 1-14. https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/vzj
Imhoff, M. L., Zhang, P., Wolfe, R. E., & Bounoua, L. (2010). Remote sensing of the urban heat island effect across biomes in the continental USA. Remote sensing of environment, 114(3), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.008
Indra, T. L., Yusya, R. R., & Septyandy, M. R. (2022). Appraisal of Flood Prone Area Management Using Artificial Intelligence Methods in Jakarta Basin, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 19(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.3233/AJW220028
Indrasari, D. (2020). Problem Identification and Coastal Area Management Model: A Case Study of DKI Jakarta Province. JKTS (Jurnal Kajian Teknik Sipil), 5(1), 43-56. https://journal.uta45jakarta.ac.id/index.php/jkts/article/view/4114
Jakarta Environmental Agency. (2022). Executive Summary of the 2022 DKI Jakarta Provincial Water Situ/Reservoir Environmental Monitoring. Environmental Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University.
Karamouz, M., Ahmadi, A., & Akhbari, M. (2020). Groundwater hydrology: Engineering, planning, and management. CRC press.
Kumar, A., Kumar, V., Pandita, S., Singh, S., Bhardwaj, R., Varol, M., & Rodrigo-Comino, J., (2023). A global meta-analysis of toxic metals in continental surface water bodies. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 11(3), 109964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.109964.
Kusuma, A. H., Prartono, T., Atmadipoera, A. S., & Arifin, T. (2015). The distribution of heavy metals is dissolved and deposited in the waters of Jakarta Bay. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Technology, 6(1), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.24319/jtpk.6.41-49
Lewis, S. (2012). Technology, Environment, and Society. University of Delaware.
Li, K., Wang, J., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Heavy metal pollution risk of cultivated land from industrial production in China: Spatial pattern and its enlightenment. Science of The Total Environment, 828, 154382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154382
Maisalda, D. R., Yonvitner, Y., & Effendi, H. (2024). Distribution of Dissolved Heavy Metals in Jakarta Bay. Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 246-254. https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.8.3.246-254
Marselina, M., Fachriah, W., Arini, M. (2022). Water quality index assessment Methods for surface water: A case study of The Citarum River in Indonesia. Heliyon. 8(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09848
Media Jaya. (2020). DKI Jakarta Provincial Government Information Facility 2020. Provincial Government of Jakarta.
Multazam, N., Sungkowo, A., & Wicaksono, A. P. (2023, February). Identification of groundwater pollution levels in Sariharjo Village, Ngaglik District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Lingkungan Kebumian Satu Bumi (Vol. 1, No. 1).
Münzel, T., Hahad, O., Daiber, A., & Landrigan, P.J. (2023). Soil and water pollution and human health: what should cardiologists worry about? Cardiovascular Research. 119(2), 440–449. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvac082.
Pereira, M., & Forster, P. M. (2015). The Relationship between Connectedness to Nature, Environmental Values, and Pro-environmental Behaviours. Reinvention: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research, 8(2). https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/iatl/research/reinvention/archive/volume8issue2/pereira/
Permanawati, Y., Zuraida, R., & Ibrahim, A. (2013). Heavy Metal Content (Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr) in Sea Water and Sediment in Jakarta Bay. Jurnal geologi kelautan, 11(1), 9-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.11.1.2013.227
Peursen, C.A.van. (1988). Strategi Kebudayaan. Kanisius.
Prakoso, P., & Herdiansyah, H. (2019). Analysis of the Implementation of 30% Green Open Space in Jakarta. Globe Science Magazine, 21(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.24895/mig.2019.211.869
Purba, B., Amruddin, Arham, I., Asmuliani R, Faried, A. I., Wisnujati, N. S., & Sinaga, P. S. (2023). Natural Resources and Environmental Management: Theory and Thought. Yayasan Kita Menulis.
Rasin, P., Ashwathi, A. V., Basheer, S. M., Haribabu, J., Santibanez, J. F., Garrote, C. A., & Mangalaraja, R. V. (2025). Exposure to Cadmium and its Impacts on Human Health: A Short Review. Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, 100608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100608
Ratnasari, A., & Dwisusanto, Y. B. (2024). Human and Environmental Interaction in Philosophical Studies. MARKA (Media Arsitektur Dan Kota): Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian, 7(2), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.33510/marka.2024.7.2.195-208
Rochyatun, E., & Rozak, A. (2007). Monitoring of heavy metal levels in sediments in Jakarta Bay waters. Makara Sains, 11, 28-36.
Setiawan, H. (2010). Architecture, Environment and Behavior (1st ed). Gadjah Mada University Press.
Sule, M. I. S., Siswanto, S. Y., & Irwandhi, I. (2025). Comprehensive Assessment of Land Criticality and Agroforestry Suitability in the Upper Cikeruh Sub-Watershed, a Degraded Priority Area in Indonesia. Sustainability, 17(6), 2675. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062675
Sunarsih, E., Anggraini, A., Sanusi, A. A., Rosyada, A., Nurhaliza, A. W., Anggraini, J., & Putri, R. E. (2023). Analysis of Decline in Well Water Quality Due to Improper Disposal of Household Waste. Environmental Science Journal (esjo): Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 68-76. https://doi.org/10.31851/esjo.v1i2.11191
Syuhada, F. A., Pulungan, A. N., Sutiani, A., Nasution, H. I., Sihombing, J. L., & Herlinawati, H. (2021). Community Service (PKM) in Clean Water Treatment in Sukajadi Village. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) TABIKPUN, 2(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpkmt.v2i1.23
Syuhada, G., Akbar, A., Hardiawan, D., Pun, V., Darmawan, A., Heryati, S. H. A., & Mehta, S. (2023). Impacts of air pollution on health and cost of illness in Jakarta, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2916. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042916
Utami, R. R., Geerling, G. W., Salami, I. R., Notodarmojo, S., & Ragas, A. M. (2020). Environmental prioritization of pesticide in the Upper Citarum River Basin, Indonesia, using predicted and measured concentrations. Science of the Total Environment, 738, 140130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140130
Watanabe, Y., Nogawa, K., Nishijo, M., Sakurai, M., Ishizaki, M., Morikawa, Y., & Suwazono, Y. (2020). Relationship between cancer mortality and environmental cadmium exposure in the general Japanese population in cadmium non-polluted areas. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 223(1), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.10.005
Yofananda, B. M., & Prakoso, T. A. (2017). Treatment of White Well Water into Clean Water with the Ion Exchange Method. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Zaynab, M., Al-Yahyai, R., Ameen, A., Sharif, Y., Ali, L., Fatima, M., & Li, S. (2022). Health and environmental effects of heavy metals. Journal of King Saud University-Science, 34(1), 101653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101653
Zhou, X., Prigent, C., & Yamazaki, D. (2021). Toward improved comparisons between land‐surface‐water‐area estimates from a global river model and satellite observations. Water Resources Research, 57(5), e2020WR029256. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR029256
Zhou, Y., & Gu, B. (2024). The impacts of human activities on earth critical zone. Earth Critical Zone, 100004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecz.2024.100004
Zulfikri, A. (2023). Effects of pollution and transportation on public health in Jakarta. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(04), 164-168. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsis.v1i03.51
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rendri Ardinata, Widya Motivasi Manurung

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.